Feb 2021 Edit:
Microsoft finally took down the TechNet Gallery. This script is now available on GitHub: https://github.com/Mike-Crowley/Public-Scripts/blob/main/RecipientReportv5.ps1

————–

Exchange Server stores user’s alternate email addresses as a multi-valued attribute within Active Directory.  For example, if my colleague Jorge has jdiaz@demolab.local as well as diazj@demolab.local, his proxyAddresses attribute would look like this:

Notice, the capital SMTP vs. the lowercase smtp.  There can be only one uppercase SMTP, and this represents the primary, or “reply to” address.

While, it’s very easy to view someone’s proxy addresses (often called aliases, but don’t confuse it with the “alias” attribute) within the Exchange Management Console, it can be tough to work with in the Exchange Management Shell (PowerShell) due to the data being stored as a  “Multi-Valued” attribute.  The usual “Get-Mailbox” output not only shows all addresses as a single item, but in the case “mcrowley” below, we can see the shell truncates:

While there are ways (example1, example2) to manipulate this output on the screen, I recently needed to create a complete list of all users possessing one or more secondary email address, and document what those addresses were.

On the surface, this sounds simple.  We want a list of users who have more than 1 proxy address.  At first, I thought of something like this:

Get-Mailbox -Filter {emailaddresses -gt 1} | Select EmailAddresses

But we can see this doesn’t actually capture the correct users.  In the above example, LiveUser1 only has a single proxy address, but it was returned anyway.  This is because the result is actually converted to a number, and the “-gt” or “greater than” operation is done on this number; not what we want.

I have written a script to help!

Features:

1. This script creates a CSV output of everyone’s SMTP proxy addresses.
2. Reports to the screen the total number of users found.
3. Reports to the screen the user(s) with the most proxy addresses.
4. You can configure the threshold of users reported. For example, if you only wanted users with 2 or more proxy addresses included, you should change the line: “$Threshold = 0” to “$Threshold = 2”

Misc:

1. Does not currently work with Exchange Online (planned enhancement).
2. This uses “get-recipient” with no filters by default.  You may want to  replace this with something more restrictive, like “get-mailbox”, or use the -filter parameter.
3. Requires PS 2.0 (for Exchange 2007, see here)

Here is a sample output, shown in excel:

Sample output to screen:

The guts of this script might help with this exact scenario, or really, anywhere you want to break out and evaluate multi-valued attributes.  Feel free to use it and adjust as you see fit!

Download the script here, or copy from the text below:

<#

Features:
1) This script Creates a TXT and CSV file with the following information:
a) TXT file: Recipient Address Statistics
b) CSV file: Output of everyone's SMTP proxy addresses.

Instructions:
1) Run this from "regular" PowerShell.  Exchange Management Shell may cause problems, especially in Exchange 2010, due to PSv2.
2) Usage: RecipientReportv5.ps1 server5.domain.local

Requirements:
1) Exchange 2010 or 2013
2) PowerShell 4.0

April 4 2015
Mike Crowley

http://BaselineTechnologies.com

#>

param(
[parameter(Position=0,Mandatory=$true,ValueFromPipeline=$false,HelpMessage='Type the name of a Client Access Server')][string]$ExchangeFQDN
)

if ($host.version.major -le 2) {
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "This script requires PowerShell 3.0 or later." -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host "Note: Exchange 2010's EMC always runs as version 2.  Perhaps try launching PowerShell normally." -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Exiting..." -ForegroundColor Red
Sleep 3
Exit
}

if ((Test-Connection $ExchangeFQDN -Count 1 -Quiet) -ne $true) {
Write-Host ""
Write-Host ("Cannot connect to: " + $ExchangeFQDN) -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Exiting..." -ForegroundColor Red
Sleep 3
Exit
}

cls

#Misc variables
#$ExchangeFQDN = "exchserv1.domain1.local"
$ReportTimeStamp = (Get-Date -Format s) -replace ":", "."
$TxtFile = "$env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\" + $ReportTimeStamp + "_RecipientAddressReport_Part_1of2.txt"
$CsvFile = "$env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\" + $ReportTimeStamp + "_RecipientAddressReport_Part_2of2.csv"

#Connect to Exchange
Write-Host ("Connecting to " + $ExchangeFQDN + "...") -ForegroundColor Cyan
Get-PSSession | Where-Object {$_.ConfigurationName -eq 'Microsoft.Exchange'} | Remove-PSSession
$Session = @{
ConfigurationName = 'Microsoft.Exchange'
ConnectionUri = 'http://' + $ExchangeFQDN + '/PowerShell/?SerializationLevel=Full'
Authentication = 'Kerberos'
}
Import-PSSession (New-PSSession @Session)

#Get Data
Write-Host "Getting data from Exchange..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
$AcceptedDomains = Get-AcceptedDomain
$InScopeRecipients = @(
'DynamicDistributionGroup'
'UserMailbox'
'MailUniversalDistributionGroup'
'MailUniversalSecurityGroup'
'MailNonUniversalGroup'
'PublicFolder'
)
$AllRecipients = Get-Recipient -recipienttype $InScopeRecipients -ResultSize unlimited | select name, emailaddresses, RecipientType
$UniqueRecipientDomains = ($AllRecipients.emailaddresses | Where {$_ -like 'smtp*'}) -split '@' | where {$_ -NotLike 'smtp:*'} | select -Unique

Write-Host "Preparing Output 1 of 2..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
#Output address stats
$TextBlock = @(
"Total Number of Recipients: " + $AllRecipients.Count
"Number of Dynamic Distribution Groups: " +         ($AllRecipients | Where {$_.RecipientType -eq 'DynamicDistributionGroup'}).Count
"Number of User Mailboxes: " + 	                    ($AllRecipients | Where {$_.RecipientType -eq 'UserMailbox'}).Count
"Number of Mail-Universal Distribution Groups: " + 	($AllRecipients | Where {$_.RecipientType -eq 'MailUniversalDistributionGroup'}).Count
"Number of Mail-UniversalSecurity Groups: " + 	    ($AllRecipients | Where {$_.RecipientType -eq 'MailUniversalSecurityGroup'}).Count
"Number of Mail-NonUniversal Groups: " + 	        ($AllRecipients | Where {$_.RecipientType -eq 'MailNonUniversalGroup'}).Count
"Number of Public Folders: " + 	                    ($AllRecipients | Where {$_.RecipientType -eq 'PublicFolder'}).Count
""
"Number of Accepted Domains: " + $AcceptedDomains.count
""
"Number of domains found on recipients: " + $UniqueRecipientDomains.count
""
$DomainComparrison = Compare-Object $AcceptedDomains.DomainName $UniqueRecipientDomains
"These domains have been assigned to recipients, but are not Accepted Domains in the Exchange Organization:"
($DomainComparrison | Where {$_.SideIndicator -eq '=>'}).InputObject
""
"These Accepted Domains are not assigned to any recipients:"
($DomainComparrison | Where {$_.SideIndicator -eq '<='}).InputObject
""
"See this CSV for a complete listing of all addresses: " + $CsvFile
)

Write-Host "Preparing Output 2 of 2..." -ForegroundColor Cyan

$RecipientsAndSMTPProxies = @()
$CounterWatermark = 1

$AllRecipients | ForEach-Object {

#Create a new placeholder object
$RecipientOutputObject = New-Object PSObject -Property @{
Name = $_.Name
RecipientType = $_.RecipientType
SMTPAddress0 =  ($_.emailaddresses | Where {$_ -clike 'SMTP:*'} ) -replace "SMTP:"
}

#If applicable, get a list of other addresses for the recipient
if (($_.emailaddresses).count -gt '1') {
$OtherAddresses = @()
$OtherAddresses = ($_.emailaddresses | Where {$_ -clike 'smtp:*'} ) -replace "smtp:"

$Counter = $OtherAddresses.count
if ($Counter -gt $CounterWatermark) {$CounterWatermark = $Counter}
$OtherAddresses | ForEach-Object {
$RecipientOutputObject | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name (“SmtpAddress” + $Counter) -Value ($_ -replace "smtp:")
$Counter--
}
}
$RecipientsAndSMTPProxies += $RecipientOutputObject
}

$AttributeList = @(
'Name'
'RecipientType'
)
$AttributeList += 0..$CounterWatermark | ForEach-Object {"SMTPAddress" + $_}

Write-Host "Saving report files to your desktop:" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""
Write-Host $TxtFile -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host $CsvFile -ForegroundColor Green

$TextBlock | Out-File $TxtFile
$RecipientsAndSMTPProxies | Select $AttributeList | sort RecipientType, Name | Export-CSV $CsvFile -NoTypeInformation

Write-Host ""
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Report Complete!" -ForegroundColor Green

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